SPECIFIC REGULATIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE

ALBANIA

SPECIFIC REGULATIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE

Legal Framework

Definition of Special Groups

  • Young people under 29 → classified as Special Groups if:
    • Unemployed
    • Not in education or training (NEET)
  • Other special groups include:
    • Family members of individuals with disabilities
    • Other disadvantaged jobseekers (as per law)

Programs for Young People

Youth Guarantee Scheme

  • Guarantee that within 4 months of registration with the employment office, young people are offered:
    • Employment
    • Continued education
    • Professional practice

Employment Advisory for Special Groups

  • Tailored counseling and orientation for young NEETs and other special groups.

Voucher Scheme for Professional Training

  • Provides vouchers to cover fully or partially the cost of vocational/professional training in private training centers.

Youth Entrepreneurship & Self-Employment Programs (expanding in 2024-25)

  • Support for young entrepreneurs:
    • Business plan coaching
    • Small start-up grants
    • Access to micro-credit (via national programs + EU IPA funds).

Bilateral / WB6 Provisions

  • Citizens from Western Balkans (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia):
    • No traditional work permit required → only an Employment Declaration needs to be submitted.
    • Equal employment rights as Albanian citizens.
    • Residence permit required if staying longer than 90 days in a 180-day period.
  • Application Steps:
    • Employment Declaration → submitted by employer.
    • Residence Permit → apply via e-Albania portal.
    • Processing time: ~12 weeks.
  • Fees:
    • Residence permit application: ~45 EUR
    • Biometric card coupon: ~57 EUR

🔗 Visa & Residence Info

Bosnia and Herzegovina

SPECIFIC REGULATIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE

Legal Framework

  • Labour laws are entity-based:
  • Youth employment protected under Labour Laws of each entity.

Definition of Special Groups

  • Young people under 29 → targeted by employment support programs.
  • Youth aged 15–18:
    • Can work with parental consent and medical certificate.
    • Protected from hazardous work.
    • Max 35 hours/week, no night/overtime work.

Programs for Young People

Youth Employment Projects (Entity Level + Donor Funded)

  • YEP — Youth Employment Project → Swiss-funded, active in both entities.
  • EU4Youth, EU4Business → internship schemes.
  • Public employment services offer:
    • Wage subsidies for employers hiring youth.
    • Professional training vouchers for young jobseekers.

First Job Subsidies

  • Employers hiring first-time jobseekers under 30 receive wage subsidies from employment offices.

Start-Up Support for Young Entrepreneurs

  • Co-financing for youth-led businesses → grants + training.

Bilateral / WB6 Provisions

  • No official “declaration” model like in Albania.
  • Bilateral labour agreements exist with Serbia, Montenegro → enable simplified work permit processes for WB6 youth.
  • WB6 youth → must follow entity-level work permit procedures.

Montenegro

SPECIFIC REGULATIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE

Legal Framework

Definition of Special Groups

  • Young people under 30 → target group in Active Labour Market Policies.
  • Youth aged 15–18:
    • Can work with parental consent + medical certificate.
    • No hazardous work allowed.
    • Max 35 hours/week, no night work.

Programs for Young People

Youth Guarantee Pilot (2023-2025)

  • Implemented with EU IPA support.
  • Targeting NEET youth 15–29 → employment, education, training offer within 4 months.

Public Employment Service Programs

  • Wage subsidies for hiring young workers.
  • Internships and traineeships.

Entrepreneurship Programs

  • Youth Start-Up Support via Innovation Fund.
  • Grants and mentorship for young entrepreneurs.

Bilateral / WB6 Provisions

  • Bilateral labour agreements with Serbia, BiH.
  • WB6 youth → preferential access to seasonal and full-time jobs in Montenegro.
  • Simplified work permit procedures.

North Macedonia

SPECIFIC REGULATIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE

Legal Framework

Definition of Special Groups

  • Young people under 29 → priority group in labour market interventions.

Programs for Young People

Youth Guarantee

  • NEET youth 15–29 → employment, education, or training within 4 months of registration.

Self-Employment Support

  • Start-up grants.
  • Business development training.
  • Mentorship for young entrepreneurs.

Internship & Traineeship Programs

  • National programs and EU-funded (Erasmus+, IPA).

Tax Incentives for Employers

  • Companies hiring youth under 29 → receive tax reductions and wage subsidies.

Bilateral / WB6 Provisions

  • WB6 citizens → no work permit required → declaration-based employment.
  • Reciprocity agreements with Albania, Serbia, Kosovo → simplified employment of WB6 youth.

Serbia

SPECIFIC REGULATIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE

Legal Framework

Definition of Special Groups

  • Minimum employment age: 15.
  • Youth aged 15–18:
    • Parental consent required.
    • No hazardous work.
    • Max 35 hours/week.
    • No night work.
  • Young people under 30 → defined as target group for employment measures.

Programs for Young People

First Job Program

  • Employers hiring first-time jobseekers under 30 receive wage subsidies from National Employment Service (NES).

Self-Employment Program

  • Grants for youth entrepreneurs.
  • Mentoring and business coaching.

Digital Skills & NEET Support

  • Targeted digital skills training for NEET youth.
  • EU-supported Youth Guarantee Pilot → expanding in Serbia.

Bilateral / WB6 Provisions

  • Bilateral labour agreements with BiH, Montenegro, North Macedonia → simplified access for WB6 youth.
  • Visa-free regime facilitates short-term employment for WB6 citizens.

Croatia

SPECIFIC REGULATIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE

Legal Framework

Definition of Special Groups

  • Minimum employment age: 15.
  • 15–18:
    • Parental consent required.
    • Cannot work if still in compulsory education.
    • Under 15 → cultural/sports/advertising with permit.
  • Young people under 30 → priority in Active Employment Policy.

Programs for Young People

Youth Guarantee

  • Guaranteed employment/education/training for NEET 15–29 within 4 months.

State-Subsidized Internships

  • For first-time jobseekers.
  • Employers receive wage subsidies.

Start-Up Support

  • Grants for youth-led businesses.
  • Mentorship and business acceleration programs.

Bilateral / WB6 Provisions

  • WB6 citizens → must follow non-EU work permit procedures.
  • Croatia maintains seasonal quotas prioritizing WB6 for sectors:
    • Tourism
    • Construction
    • Agriculture

Kosovo

SPECIFIC REGULATIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE

Legal Framework

Definition of Special Groups

  • Young people under 29 → targeted in national employment strategy.
  • NEET youth prioritized in international donor programs.

Programs for Young People

Youth Employment Initiative

  • Public-private partnerships for hiring NEET youth.
  • Paid internships and vocational training.

Green Economy Skills

  • Targeted training for youth in renewable energy and environmental sectors.

Digital Skills for Youth

  • Coding, IT skills, and digital marketing training — donor-supported.

Voucher-Based Training

  • Vouchers for NEET youth → covers cost of professional training.

Bilateral / WB6 Provisions

  • Reciprocity agreements with Albania, North Macedonia, Serbia → facilitate simplified employment for WB6 youth.
  • No work permit required for Albanians under bilateral labour agreement.

Slovenia

YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT

Legal Framework

Definition of Special Groups

  • Youth under 29 → target in AEP.
  • Students → Student Work scheme.

Programs for Young People

  • Student Work (Študentsko Delo)
  • Youth Employment Subsidies
  • Internships & Apprenticeships
  • Youth Entrepreneurship
  • Work for Young Foreigners
  • Minimum Wage for Youth Workers

Bilateral / WB6 Provisions

  • No automatic preference → WB6 students enrolled in Slovenia may work via Student Work.